Selecting Impact Outcome Evaluation Designs: A Decision-Making Table and Checklist Approach

Table Of Content

• Evaluation Research Design: Examples, Methods & Types
• Selecting Impact/Outcome Evaluation Designs: A Decision-Making Table and Checklist Approach
• To determine what the effects of the program are:
• The principal elements involved in justifying conclusions based on evidence are:
• A conceptual framework of learning experience within a gamified online role-play
• Mixing Methods for Analytical Depth and Breadth
• What is Program Evaluation?: A Beginners Guide

"It was a way of training before experiencing real situations … It allowed us to think critically whether or not what we performed with the simulated patients was appropriate." The program entails 15 hours of online-counseling with a dietician over 3 months and 15 hours of counseling with a physical trainer. In addition to drawing up a healthy eating and activity program that meets their personal goals and needs, participants are connected via this online portal to a support community for a 6 month period. They are each assigned to a coach who has previously lost weight themselves and who has completed a week-long training regarding their role. A survey is a quantitative method that allows you to gather information about a project from a specific group of people.

Evaluation Research Design: Examples, Methods & Types

Given the nature of the evaluand and the type of questions, how narrowly or widely does one cast the net? How far down the causal chain does the evaluation try to capture the causal contribution of an intervention? Essentially, the narrower the focus of an evaluation, the greater the concentration of financial and human resources on a particular aspect and consequently the greater the likelihood of high-quality inference. The W.K. Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Handbook provides a framework for thinking about evaluation as a relevant and useful program tool. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 under the “Implementation” heading provide detailed information on determining data collection methods, collecting data, and analyzing and interpreting data. From the Introduction to Program Evaluation for Public Health Programs, this resource from CDC on Focus the Evaluation Design offers suggestions for tailoring questions to evaluate the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and attribution of a program.

Selecting Impact/Outcome Evaluation Designs: A Decision-Making Table and Checklist Approach

For efficiency, designs are often “nested”; for example, the evaluation covers selected interventions in selected countries. Evaluation designs may encompass different case study levels, with within-case analysis in a specific country (or regarding a specific intervention) and cross-case (comparative) analysis across countries (or interventions). Consequently, strategic questions should address the desired breadth and depth of analysis. In addition to informed sampling and selection, generalizability of findings is influenced by the degree of convergence of findings from one or more cases with available existing evidence or of findings across cases. In addition, there is a clear need for breadth of analysis in an evaluation (looking at multiple questions, phenomena, and underlying factors) to adequately cover the scope of the evaluation.

To determine what the effects of the program are:

The best way to achieve accuracy in polling is by conducting them online using platforms like Formplus. A questionnaire is a common quantitative research instrument deployed in evaluation research. Typically, it is an aggregation of different types of questions or prompts which help the researcher to obtain valuable information from respondents. The most common indicator of inputs measurement is the budget which allows organizations to evaluate and limit expenditure for a project. It is also important to measure non-monetary investments like human capital; that is the number of persons needed for successful project execution and production capital.

The principal elements involved in justifying conclusions based on evidence are:

At the 5-year mark, the auditing branch of your government funder wants to know, “Did you spend our money well? ” Clearly, this requires a much more comprehensive evaluation, and would entail consideration of efficiency, effectiveness, possibly implementation, and cost-effectiveness. It is not clear, without more discussion with the stakeholder, whether research studies to determine causal attribution are also implied. The program is a significant investment in resources and has been in existence for enough time to expect some more distal outcomes to have occurred. At the 1-year mark, a neighboring community would like to adopt your program but wonders, “What are we in for?

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Staff members are less likely to complain if they’re involved in planning the evaluation, and thus have some say over the frequency and nature of observations. The same is true for participants.Treating everyone’s concerns seriously and including them in the planning process can go a long way toward assuring cooperation. If the intent of your evaluation is simply to see whether something specific happened, it’s possible that a simple pre-post design will do. If, as is more likely, you want to know both whether change has occurred, and if it has, whether it has in fact been caused by your program, you’ll need a design that helps to screen out the effects of external influences and participants’ backgrounds. This has the same possibilities as the single time series design, with the added wrinkle of using repeated measures with one or more other groups (so-called multiple baselines).

Adults might be members of a high school completion class while participating in a substance use recovery program. A diabetic might be treated with a new drug while at the same time participating in a nutrition and physical activity program to deal with obesity. Sometimes, the sequence of treatments or services in a single program can have the same effect, with one influencing how participants respond to those that follow, even though each treatment is being evaluated separately. They are usually referred to as threats to internal validity (whether the intervention produced the change) and threats to external validity (whether the results are likely to apply to other people and situations). When you hear the word “experiment,” it may call up pictures of people in long white lab coats peering through microscopes. In reality, an experiment is just trying something out to see how or why or whether it works.

All these considerations require careful reflection in what can be a quite complicated evaluation design process. Stakeholders include those individuals who are targeted by the intervention or policy, those involved in its development or delivery, or those whose personal or professional interests are affected (that is, all those who have a stake in the topic). Service users involved in the study also had positive outcomes, including more settled employment and progression to further education.

To ensure its educational impact was significant, the expected learning outcomes were formulated based on insights gathered from a survey with experienced instructors from the Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University. These learning outcomes covered areas of online communication skill, technical issues, technology literacy of patients, limitations of physical examination, and privacy concerns of personal information. Learning scenario and instructional content were subsequently designed to support learners in achieving the expected learning outcomes, with their alignments validated by three experts in dental education. A professional actress underwent training to role-play a patient with a dental problem, requesting a virtual consultation or teledentistry.

In that case, you may have already established feasibility and acceptability simply by demonstrating that the program is possible to implement and that participants feel it’s a good fit. If that’s the case, you might be able to skip over this step, so to speak, and turn your attention to the impact on targets, which we’ll go over in more detail below. On the other hand, for a long-standing program being adapted for a new context or population, you may need to revisit its feasibility and acceptability. Another element that is crucial to evaluation design is the subject of the assessment.

At Morgan Taylor Homes our experienced land department can assist you in finding the best home layout for your ideal lot. “From the activity, I would consider teledentistry as a convenient tool for communicating with patients, especially if a patient cannot go to a dental office”. "It was so realistic. ... This allowed me to talk with the simulated patient naturally ... At first, when we were talking, I was not sure how I should perform … but afterwards I no longer had any doubts and felt like I wanted to explain things to her even more." According to the role-play scenario, an actress was assigned to portray a 34-year-old female with chief complaints of pain around both ears, accompanied by difficulties in chewing food due to tooth loss.

If, for instance, you offer parenting classes only to single mothers, you can’t assume, no matter how successful they appear to be, that the same classes will work as well with men. Selection can also be a problem when two groups being compared are chosen by different standards. If you took children’s heights at age six, then fed them large amounts of a specific food for three years – say carrots – and measured them again at the end of the period, you’d probably find that most of them were considerably taller at nine years than at six. You might conclude that it was eating carrots that made the children taller because your research design gave you no basis for comparing these children’s growth to that of other children.

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The idea is to investigate your ToC one domain at a time, beginning with program strategies and gradually expanding your focus until you’re ready to test the whole theory. Returning to the domino metaphor, we want to see if each domino in the chain is falling the way we expect it to. After many years in the teleconferencing industry, Michael decided to embrace his passion fortrivia, research, and writing by becoming a full-time freelance writer. Since then, he has contributed articles to avariety of print and online publications, including SmartCapitalMind, and his work has also appeared in poetry collections,devotional anthologies, and several newspapers.